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| Laker Airways ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Laker Airways
Laker Airways was a wholly private, British independent〔independent from government-owned corporations〕 airline founded by Sir Freddie Laker in 1966. It originally was a charter airline flying passengers and cargo worldwide. Its head office was located at London Gatwick Airport in Crawley, England.〔(''World airline directory'' ), ''Flight International'', 16 May 1981, p. 1445.〕
It became the second long-haul, low-cost, "no frills" airline in 1977, operating low-fare scheduled services between London Gatwick Airport and New York City's John F. Kennedy Airport (after pioneering Icelandic low-cost carrier Loftleiðir).〔''Gatwick Airport: The first 50 years'', Woodley, C., The History Press, Stroud, 2014, p. 95〕
The company did not survive the recession of the early 1980s and operated its last flight on 5 February 1982, the day it went bankrupt.
==The formative years==
Freddie Laker unveiled his airline – Laker Airways – to the press in February 1966.〔(''Laker Airways'' ), ''Flight International'', 10 February 1966, p. 207〕 The airline commenced commercial operations from its London Gatwick Airport base on 29 July 1966 with two former British Overseas Airways Corporation (BOAC) Bristol Britannia 102 series turboprops, initially operating under contract to Air France.〔(''Laker Buys Britannias ...'' ), ''Flight International'', 24 February 1966, p. 290〕〔(''Building up Laker Airways'' ), ''Flight International'', 17 March 1966, p. 417〕〔''Fly me, I'm Freddie!'', Eglin, R. and Ritchie, B., Weidenfeld and Nicolson, London, 1980, p. 113〕〔Sir Freddie Laker – The Man Who Gave Us Skytrain, Airliner Classics, pp. 78, 82〕 The aircraft's livery was a combination of black, red and white – an adaptation of Laker's racing colours.〔''Aeroplane – Commercial'', Vol. 111, No. 2834, p. 11, Temple Press, London, 17 February 1966〕 The Britannias were supplemented and eventually replaced by five BAC One-Eleven 300 short-haul jet aircraft from December 1967. This included an initial order for three aircraft valued at £4 million.〔 Laker had placed this order directly with the manufacturer in 1966. He provided more than £200,000 of his own money for the newly ordered aircraft's deposits and arranged for the remainder to be borrowed from a consortium of City banks led by Clydesdale Bank.〔〔''Fly me, I'm Freddie!'', Eglin, R. and Ritchie, B., Weidenfeld and Nicolson, London, 1980, p. 106〕 He placed a follow-on order for a fourth aircraft to be delivered in 1968 and acquired another relatively new aircraft that was originally delivered to the failed British Eagle airline from Bahamas Airways in 1971.〔(''Laker: Another One-Eleven'' ), ''Flight International'', 20 July 1967, p. 91〕〔(''Fifth Laker One-Eleven'' ), ''Flight International'', 25 March 1971, p. 406〕〔(''"The Home Of Eagle"'' ... — G-ATPK BAC1-11 Type 301AG c/n 034 )〕 These were the mainstay of the fleet for its short- and medium-haul charter operations to holiday resorts in the Mediterranean and the Canary Islands for many years.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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